Black and White Paper Guide
 

MACO expo Display 
MACO MULTIBROM F (111 ) 
MACO MULTIBROM N (112) 
MACO MULTIBROM WA 

A short summary of attributes of these black & white photographic papers: 

- MULTIBROM De Luxe offers a combination of modern emulsion-technology with classic baryta-fiberbase (VC-FB). 

- MACO expo Display offers a synthesis of the MULTIBROM-emulsion together with an especially stable and ageing-resistant polyester base. Due to this basematerial MACO expo Display offers - for the first time ever - an alternative to manual processing of baryta papers - processing in developing machines 
makes efficient production possible, while maintaining archival properties. 

* variable contrast papers 
* contrast range from soft to extra hard 
* deep, neutral blacks 
* low fog level 
* high tonal range 
* chloro-bromide emulsion. 
* white base at MULTIBROM F, MULTIBROM N + expo Display 
* cream tinted base at MULTIBROM WA 
* noble premium-weight fiberbase at MULTIBROM F, MULTIBROM N, MULTIBROM WA 
* white, translucent polyester base at expo Display 
* suited for normal prints and backlighting (display boxes) expo Display 
* high silver content, therefore suited for large prints/murals 
* different surfaces available 
* available in sizes ranging from 8,9 x 12,7cm - 50,8 x 61cm (3,5"x 5" - 20"x 24") and wide rolls in widths of 108cm resp.125cm (42,5" resp. 49,2"). 

1. General data in regard of the silverhalogenide photographic emulsion: 
Type: 
 
 
-Chlorobromide-emulsion, variable contrast. 
-high silver content 
-high paper speed
2. Assortment of surfaces: 
Glossy (unique): 
Glossy: 
Matte: 
Matte:
expo Display 
MACO MULTIBROM F 
MACO MULTIBROM N 
MACO MULTIBROM WA (chamois)
3. Description of surtaces: 
 
MACO MULTIBROM F: 
 
 
 
- Super-high gloss finish by hot drying, e.g. with MACO ecomat TP5060. 
- Natural gloss by air drying. 

- Silky gloss by hot drying, emulsion side facing cloth.

MACO MULTIBROM N,
MACO MULTIBROM WA: - matte by air + hot drying, emulsion side facing cloth
MACO expo Display: 
 
* unique high gloss with RC-dryers and air drying 
(not suited for baryta dryers)
4. Image tone of the photographic emulsion: 
MULTIBROM papers and expo Display have an emulsion with neutral blacks. Can be manipulated by use of different developers. 
For example: 
 
MACO ecoprint 
LP-BROM 1 
Calbe MH 28 
LP-BROM 3
- cold image tone 
- warm image tone 
- very warm image tone 
- cold image tone
5. Tone of the base materials: 
 
MACO expo 
MACO MULTIBROM F 
MACO MULTIBROM N 
MACO MULTIBROM WA
Display white base 
white base 
white base 
cream tinted base (chamois)
Note: The dye used for the cream tinted base at MACO MULTIBROM WA is to some degree water soluble. Long washing times more than 30 minutes ma weaken the intensi of the cream tint. 
 
6. Grade/Filter Paper ISO-Speed: ISO-Range: 
   
 
Grade/Filter Paper ISO-Speed: ISO-Range:
(Grade 2, without Filter P 400 R 100)
Grade: 
Grade 0, 
Grade 1, 
Grade 2, 
Grade 3, 
Grade 4, 
Grade 5,
Filter: 
with Filter 0 
with Filter 1 
with Filter 2 
with Filter 3 
with Filter 4 
with Filter 5
ISO-Speed: 
P 200 
P 200 
P 200 
P 150 
P 100 
P 100
ISO-Range: 
R 140 
R 120 
R 100 
R 80 
R 65 
R 50
Note: With MULTIBROM WA, due to lower reflective power of cream tinted base paper ISO-speed values are 
about one f-sto lower. 

7. Filtervalues/enlargers with colorheads: MACO MULTBROM and expo Display papers can either be exposed by using filtersets (e.g. LABOR PARTNER VC-Filter, ORIENTAL Acrylic VC-Filter or ILFORD Multigrade Filter, table above) or with enlargers with VC-head. 
With colorenlargers use the following values as a starting point: (check whether your enlarger has DD - or CC-filtervalues) 
 
Grade
0 1 2 3 4 5
DD-Values 60Y 25Y 10M 30M 60M 130M
CC-Values 80Y 30Y 10M 50M 110M 200M
Depending on age of lamp, type of filter and enlarger deviations to a.m. values is possible. 

8. Maximum density: 
The glossy surface achieves the highest values (MULTIBROM F and expo Display). Matte Surfaces achieve in comparison lower values. 
Following (approx.-) values have been achieved with a negative (Gamma 0,60) in combination with the paper developer LP-BROM 1. 
 
MACO expo Display approx 
MACO MULTIBROM F 
MACO MULTIBROM N 
MACO MULTIBROM WA
= max. Dens. 2,25 
= max  Dens. 2,25 
= max. Dens. 1,75 
= max. Dens. 1,75
9. Weight resp. Thickness of base materials: 
MACO MULTIBROM F, N + WA: 
 
approx. 
approx. 
final weight approx.
240 Grams fiberbase+ 
20 Grams baryta coating+ 
40 Grams emulsions/protective coatings 
=300 Grams
MACO expo Display: Thickness of base: 175ì 

10. Coating structure (top to bottom): 
 
1. coating: 
 

2. coating: 
3. coating: 
4. coating: 
5. base: 
6.backside: 
 

"Supercoating" protective coating (MULTIBROM N + MULTIBROM WA) 
Specialty: 
Improves mechanical resistance during wet processing by special hardening additives. Improves hot drying capability. 
protective coating with UV-absorbents etc.. 
lightsensitive emulsion coating, hardened. 
Bariumsulphate-separation coating. 
fiberbase material. at expo display: polyester base 
specially prepared for waterbased adhesives and writing 
 
11. Toning: 
MACO MULTIBROM and expo Display photographic papers can be toned in almost all available toners. 
Following some application examples: 
 
Deep, brown blacks: 
 
A: Treatment in PEERLESS watercolors. 
B: Toning in LABOR PARTNER LP-SEPIA.
Light brown/ yellowish A: Toning in LABOR PARTNER LP-SEPIA with adding vinegar.
Bluetoning: A: Toning in LABOR PARTNER LP-AZUR.
Toning with LP-SELENIA 
 
A: Increasement of max. density. 
B: Improvement of archival quality (image silver) C: Change of image tone
For gelatine toning, whether partially, or full image, using PEERLESS-watercolors( U.S.A.) has been proven for more than a century. 

12. Retouching: 
For MACO MULTIBROM and expo Display papers PEERLESS-watercolors "DRY SPOT SET" have been proven. The colors may be adjusted to the image tone and leave no marks on the surface. 

13. Darkroom safety light: 
Protective filter red or amber. Max. 15 Watts, minimum distance Lamp - tray 120 cm (a fogging test may be recommendable). 

14. Informations for processing: 
MACO expo Display: 
Suitable are all aviailable high quality photographic chemicals. Best results can be achieved with MACO or LABOR PARTNER photographic chemistry, for tray processing as well as for machine processing: Due to the fact that expo Display is equipped with a translucent base, one can produce normal prints as well as 
images for backlighting purposes (displays etc.). In order to render optimum image reproduction, please keep in mind that depending on application exposure time has to be adapted. 
Note: 
The unique image effect of expo display is due to the special base being extremely stable and smooth , therefore being responsible for the unique glossy finish. 
Correct processing provided, expo display will render longterm-stable black&white prints of unique attractiveness. 
Tray processing: 
To get prints with a flawless surface please take special care. Prints to be processed should be handled on the very edges only - place prints into solutions emulsion side up in order to avoid scratches. 
Machine processing: 
For flawless glossy finish of the prints, condition of the machine is decisive. Check whether all rollers are clean - e.g. no crystallisation of chemicals. For maximum blacks - due to the high silver content of expo display- check condition of chemistry, if in doubt regenerate or renew chemistry. For machine processing MACO recommends the fully compatible LABOR PARTNER LP-SPEED 2000 chemistry (available with and without regeneration). 

MACO MULTIBROM F, N + WA: 
All MULTIBROM papers are suited for tray processing with all available quality photochemistry. 

15. Storage: 
Original MACO packages, once opened, should be stored in a cool and dry place. Packages feature easy opening on opposite side of label, punches under the lid allow for easy closing. 

16. General informations about MACO-Products: 
By sending a sufficiently stamped envelope with the address, one can receive technical application sheets about alI MACO Products, of which some have been mentioned here. 
TA MULTIBROM/DISPLAY TA-No. 12111 January 1998 
Errors, or omissions regarding technical progress, remain excepted. 

MACO PHOTO PRODUCTS is a Division of HANS O. MAHN & CO., P.O. Box 105202, D-20036 Hamburg Hotline: 040-237 008-88 
 



 

 
Artzone Index We express our gratitude to * S. Skiadopoulos & Co. distributor of MACO products in Greece for giving to us the permission to present the above material. 


Concept and Design by Elias Eliadis
Copyright © 1998 Black & White Art Zone. All Rights Reserved. 
First published date 15 July 1998 

 

Paperzone Index
* S. Skiadopoulos & Co.  
251 Imittou str. Athens 116 32, Greece ,   
Tel: +301 7260485 Fax: +301 7260487